在托?？谡Z的考試中，科學類Task 4算是一個王炸類題目，主打一個聽的時候一頭霧水，記的時候兩眼放空，說的時候如坐針氈。很多同學一聽到Task 4 出現(xiàn)了奇怪物種的名字心態(tài)就崩了，隨即瞬間擺爛，同時虔誠地許愿下回不要碰到類似題目。但是其實Task 4 也沒有我們想象得那么難，甚至從某些角度來說，如果掌握了正確的技巧很容易拿到高分。下面我們一起來看一道題目:

Q: Using the examples from the lecture explain why forest fires are beneficial to the forest ecosystem.

There's one more method of forest conservation I wanna talk about before we end today. And that's forest fires. It may come as a surprise to many of you, but fire is a key element of many ecosystems. For example, it’s a natural normal process that helps maintain a healthy forest. For decades, we believed fire should be suppressed at all costs, so they were put out as quickly as possible to preserve the environment. But in the last 20 years or so, we've come to realize the advantages of regular controlled fires to an ecosystem.

In fact, a lot of plant species depend on fire for survival. In a forest full of pine trees, for example, fire is necessary for reproduction. Pine trees in particular, need fire in order to spread their seeds. Pine trees of course have pine cones, which contain their seeds. So what happens is that the heat from a fire melts the resin, you know that sticky stuff that holds the cone scales together. So the resin melts, and the cones open up, and the seeds inside the cone are released on the ground. And eventually, young pine trees grow from them. So thanks to the fire, we've got a new generation of pine trees.

Like I said earlier, fires can help grow better forests, which in turn creates a better habitat for wildlife in the areas. For instance, they have an impact on the density of the forest. A fire that kills some trees but not others can open up a forest area previously thick with trees. This lets in sunshine, which encourages growth of new shrubs and grasses. The new plant life in turn brings in new animal species.

托?？谡ZTask 4 的答題技巧我們應該都耳熟能詳了，總而言之就是1+2+2， 一個概念+兩個分觀點+兩個例子。當然了，對于今天的這個題目來說，我們沒有什么需要介紹的概念，所以直接從第一個分觀點開始說就可以，千萬不要啰里八嗦地說前面的一堆泛泛而談的內(nèi)容。而Task 4 的得分點恰好是例子里面的重點細節(jié)信息。什么是重點細節(jié)呢？就是和所表達的分觀點相關的具體的內(nèi)容。因此，我們其實可以直接屏蔽一些信息，只認真聽重要的語句，有效地節(jié)省腦細胞。經(jīng)過篩選，我們需要聽的內(nèi)容為以下幾句話:

分觀點 1: In fact, a lot of plant species depend on fire for survival.

例子 1: Pine trees in particular, need fire in order to spread their seeds. Pine trees of course have pine cones, which contain their seeds. So what happens is that the heat from a fire melts the resin, you know that sticky stuff that holds the cone scales together. So the resin melts, and the cones open up, and the seeds inside the cone are released on the ground. And eventually, young pine trees grow from them. So thanks to the fire, we've got a new generation of pine trees.

分觀點2: Like I said earlier, fires can help grow better forests, which in turn creates a better habitat for wildlife in the areas.

例子2: For instance, they have an impact on the density of the forest. A fire that kills some trees but not others can open up a forest area previously thick with trees. This lets in sunshine, which encourages growth of new shrubs and grasses. The new plant life in turn brings in new animal species.

我們筆記需要遵守的底層邏輯一是得符合原文的邏輯和順序，這樣也方便考官理解和檢查我們覆蓋的點。二是記錄實意詞，這樣可以有效地提醒我們這一句的內(nèi)容是什么，避免看了自己的筆記大腦還一片空白。最重要的是，我們記錄的時候得接受自己不可能把每一句話都寫下來的現(xiàn)實，所以不要為了一會兒說的時候省力而寫好多連詞，導致重點信息寫不上。其實口語部分的聽力內(nèi)容還是比較人性化的，只要是不過于貪心，用一句話記一個點的節(jié)奏是可以都寫下來的。就這樣，我們可以得出以下的筆記內(nèi)容。

1. Survival

e.g. pine trees- spread seeds

Pine cones — seeds

Heat melts resin— cones open — seeds release

Young grow

2. Better habitat

e.g. impact density forest

Open up area — lets in sunshine— growth grasses

Brings in animal

注意到，這個筆記并沒有記錄上所有信息， 比如說encourages grow of new shrubs and grasses, 這其中就選擇只寫了更容易記錄的grasses。這是因為對于這種并列的內(nèi)容，只寫一個表達原文的大概意思就可以了。第一個例子的最后一句create new generation of pine trees也沒有記錄，因為從意義上來說和前面一句young pine trees grow from them 是重復的，而且堅持寫這一句可能會導致后面的分觀點句聽不清楚，導致?lián)p失更加慘重。

這里的鉆牛角尖分為兩種情況：第一種是過于忠于原文對于自己要求過高，哪怕有一些點說起來很費勁也堅持說，導致卡殼浪費了很長時間。第二種是覺得原文的信息邏輯不通順，非得自己解釋補充半天，加上自己之前的背景知識，結(jié)果偏離原文還讓考官倒扣分。這兩種情況都是非常得不償失的。首先，口語部分是有容錯率的，有那么一兩個點沒有說上沒有關系，主要是得保證自己的答案流利，清晰而且正確，主打一個抓大放小。其次，扭曲原文是非常不好的現(xiàn)象，會給考官一種壓根就沒有聽懂在那里亂說的感覺，所以同學們還是不要在這里發(fā)揮創(chuàng)意，用盡量貼近原文的方式去說，能模仿多少就模仿多少。

其實這個題目里面最難的部分是pine cones里面有seeds, 然后森林大火的熱量融化了resin, 導致pine cones 沒有了把它粘接在一起的東西然后就打開了，所以最后種子掉到了地上。很多同學resin那個部分一下子聽不懂，因為這也算是個生僻詞匯了。怎么辦呢？其實直接跳過就行，只需要說大火讓pine cones打開了也可以得分。假設我沒有聽明白resin的那一部分，我也可以給出3.5分的答案。

Firstly, forest fire is beneficial for the survival of plants. For example, pine trees need forest fire to spread their seeds. Pine cones contain seeds, and because of forest fire, pine cones can open up and seeds would be released on the ground. As a result, young pine trees will grow from them.

Secondly, forest fire can help to create a better habitat. For example, it will have an impact of the density of the forest. Since it can open up an area, sunshine will come in, and grasses will grow. Therefore, forest fire can help to bring in new animal species.

以上的三個步驟同學們都學會了嗎？其實生物類的Task 4 沒有那么難，主要是需要用一些方法和技巧，在盡量多說內(nèi)容的前提之下不要舍棄太多的流利度和語言正確性，時刻進行博弈。如果方法用好了，我們也可以拿高分。

以上就是關于《 托?？谡Z生物類Task 4超難？試試這幾招，讓你淡定應對》介紹。外語加油站，專業(yè)外語培訓服務平臺。快速了解雅思、托福、SAT等外語考試報名信息、報考要求、真題詳解等，歡迎在線預約咨詢。