雅思大作文寫作，是很考驗(yàn)論證本事的一科。在大作文寫作中，想拿高分，除了要展現(xiàn)過(guò)硬的英語(yǔ)水平，還要展現(xiàn)成熟的思考方式。同學(xué)們也許常用舉例來(lái)論證，但是，通篇都只舉例的作文肯定會(huì)很單一。那么，還有沒有其他常見的論證方式呢？當(dāng)然，小編這就帶你來(lái)一起看看~

舉例論證

舉例論證，相信同學(xué)們不陌生，通過(guò)具體的例子來(lái)論證你的觀點(diǎn)，也是相對(duì)好上的一種。不過(guò)，這種方法對(duì)于同學(xué)們的素材積累有一定要求——為了讓論證更有說(shuō)服力、更加不隨意，我們不能像口語(yǔ)考試那樣，用自己個(gè)人的例子來(lái)論證，除非題目點(diǎn)名了要求，否則，一般情況下我們要選擇一些名人、熱點(diǎn)新聞等這樣的例子來(lái)論證。

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實(shí)例

小編想給同學(xué)們說(shuō)兩種比較“安全”且說(shuō)服力滿滿的舉例法。第一種舉例法，我們可以用名人事例。比如，談及教育話題時(shí)，我們可以用我們新聞里看到過(guò)的人物作為論據(jù)，這樣的素材放在作文里是很有說(shuō)服力的，會(huì)非常有力地讓你的論點(diǎn)得到證明。

比如，我們想說(shuō)好的老師的重要性時(shí)，我們可以這樣舉例：

A good teacher can affect students deeply. For example, a Chinese teacher named Zhang Guimei devoted her life into helping girls from poor families with getting free education, providing them with the opportunities to enter universities, which will change their life forever.

句首表達(dá)立場(chǎng)，然后舉例論證，這樣，就很有力地完成了一次論證啦。

我們還可以用一些我們大家熟知的熱點(diǎn)話題來(lái)作為例子。社交媒體一直是雅思寫作中的熱門話題，比如我們談到關(guān)于社交媒體的利弊時(shí)，就可以用我們所熟知的社交平臺(tái)來(lái)舉例，比如：

Social media can be harmful in some ways. Take Weibo as an example, which has the similar function with Twitter (now known as X). People are spending more time browsing news and information through Weibo, but with the increasing number of fake news and misleading information, people can be easily misguided. This is a worrying phenomenon caused by social media today.

用我們大家都知道的東西來(lái)舉例，也是我們選取例子的合適的方式。同學(xué)們只要記住，在舉例之前，最好先申明自己的立場(chǎng)，這樣才能讓考官馬上就明白你想說(shuō)什么哦。

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常用句型

For example/instance

...such as A, B, C and so on...

A good case in point is that...

Consider the case / one's experience as an example

Take... as an example

讓步論證

這個(gè)方法乍一聽有點(diǎn)抽象，但小編給你解釋下你肯定就清楚了。我們先讓步承認(rèn)一個(gè)事實(shí)的可行性或可能性，繼而再轉(zhuǎn)折，給出自己的觀點(diǎn)以否定前者。小編給同學(xué)們舉個(gè)例子來(lái)看看，同學(xué)們就知道該怎么寫了。

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實(shí)例

題目：Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

范例（出自劍9官方范文）：

...The variety of sports that could be offered would cater for all ages, levels of fitness and interests: those with painful memories of PE at school might be happier in the swimming pool than on the football pitch.（承認(rèn)事實(shí)）

However, there may be better ways of tackling this problem. Interest in sport is not universal, and additional facilities might attract the already fit, not those who most need them.（轉(zhuǎn)折說(shuō)明）

讓步論證法很適合承上啟下，讓整篇文章的連貫性更強(qiáng)。在這兩個(gè)段落里，范文先通過(guò)肯定了增加運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施帶來(lái)的好處，再通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)折否定了這種方法的局限性，因?yàn)檫@樣的方法很有可能只會(huì)吸引到本來(lái)就在運(yùn)動(dòng)的人，而運(yùn)動(dòng)不是人人都會(huì)做的，因此這種方法也就產(chǎn)生了局限性。

這樣的論證非常漂亮、有邏輯且連貫，也是雅思考官很樂意看到的一種方法~同學(xué)們?cè)诰毩?xí)的時(shí)候，除了要注意用詞用句，也要注意其中的內(nèi)在邏輯是否合理，不要讓自己的邏輯混亂才行。

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常用句型

in spite of...

despite this...

however / nonetheless / nevertheless

in spite of the fact that...

Althought / though ...

因果關(guān)系論證

這種論證方法，顧名思義，就是通過(guò)闡述支持或反對(duì)一種說(shuō)法的原因來(lái)論證觀點(diǎn)，考驗(yàn)同學(xué)們的邏輯性，這一點(diǎn)也是雅思考官很看重的。所以同學(xué)們運(yùn)用時(shí)，一定要保證邏輯清晰，用好的話，這一點(diǎn)是能夠大大幫助我們的寫作加分的！

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實(shí)例

題目：It is important for children to learn the difference between right and wrong at an early age. Punishment is necessary to help them learn this distinction. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? What sort of punishment should parents and teachers be allowed to use to teach good behaviour to children?

范例段落（出自劍10官方范文）：

To some extent the question depends on the age of the child. （給出觀點(diǎn)）To punish a very young child is both wrong and foolish, as an infant will not understand what is happening or why he or she is being punished. （原因1）Once the age of reason is reached however, a child can be rewarded for good behaviour and discouraged from bad. （原因2）This kind but firm approach will achieve more than harsh punishments, which might entail many negative consequences unintended by the parents.（導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果）

注意第二句to punish開始的那一段，就是非常典型的因果論證法。在開頭，段落表明了懲戒的使用取決于孩子的年齡，然后開始論證，先說(shuō)了懲罰很小的孩子這個(gè)行為是錯(cuò)誤的也是比較愚蠢的，接著闡述了原因，原因是小嬰兒根本不懂發(fā)生了什么，也不知道他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)被懲罰，等到他們長(zhǎng)大了，懂得明辨是非了，這樣的做法才會(huì)更合理。

這樣的論證符合自然邏輯，是一次非常合理完美的論證，簡(jiǎn)單明了，富有說(shuō)服力，同學(xué)們有沒有g(shù)et到這種方法呢？

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常用句型

First(ly)...Second(ly)...Third(ly)...Last(ly)...

To begin with...

First of all...

The first and the most important reason is that...

On the one hand...On the other hand...

Another equally important aspect is...

Besides, other reasons are...

For one thing...For another...

Last but not least,...

because / since / as / due to / owing to

because of / thanks to / as a result of

therefore / hence / thus / as a result / consequently

the reason why...is that...

the main factor toward this is that...

It is related to / associated with the phenomenon that...

假設(shè)論證

這種論證方法也是比較常見的，通過(guò)假定某種情況的發(fā)生，來(lái)支持或反對(duì)我們所持有的論點(diǎn)，很考察我們的邏輯性，需要保持頭腦清晰，而不是毫無(wú)邏輯地亂作出假設(shè)。小編來(lái)給同學(xué)們看看實(shí)例~

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實(shí)例

題目：Some university students want to learn about other subjects in addition to their main subjects. Others believe it is more important to give all their time and attention to studying for a qualification. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

范例段落（出自劍18官方范文）：

It is perfectly reasonable for students to enter university with a strong sense of curiosity and desire to learn as much as possible. Unfortunately, we tend to put subjects into artificial boxes, suggesting that business, art and science are not connected. If students become too focused on a single area, it may stifle their initial curiosity, limiting their potential. （假設(shè)1）They could also graduate with a very narrow skill set that doesn’t translate well to the current job market, which often favors those who have taken a multidisciplinary approach to their studies.（假設(shè)2）
范文用了假設(shè)學(xué)生太過(guò)關(guān)注于某一科目可能會(huì)帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，通過(guò)假設(shè)這種情況，推理出這種情況帶來(lái)的影響，這也是體現(xiàn)我們雅思寫作邏輯性的一方面。

同學(xué)們要記住，我們做假設(shè)的時(shí)候，一定也是要有邏輯的，做出的假設(shè)完全不合理，這樣的話寫作是無(wú)法自圓其說(shuō)的哦。給出合理的假設(shè)與分析才能進(jìn)一步夯實(shí)我們的論證。

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常用句型

If + xxx will/would

People would rather...than...

Suppose / Supposing...

I presume / assume / suppose...

xxx postulate...

看到這里，同學(xué)們是不是會(huì)覺得突然思路打開，寫雅思大作文沒有那么難了呢？其實(shí)雅思大作文真的沒有你想象的那么難寫，把這些方法靈活運(yùn)用起來(lái)，勤于練習(xí)，寫出高分作文也是很容易的~

以上就是《掌握論證技巧：讓雅思大作文成為你的得分點(diǎn)！》介紹。外語(yǔ)加油站，專業(yè)外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)服務(wù)平臺(tái)?？焖倭私庋潘?、托福、SAT等外語(yǔ)考試報(bào)名信息、報(bào)考要求、真題詳解等，歡迎在線預(yù)約咨詢。