雅思閱讀中好多不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞,沒戲了?
導(dǎo)讀:雅思閱讀考試中,烤鴨們往往對(duì)那陌生的單詞,看不懂的文章望而卻步,內(nèi)心的擔(dān)憂不僅影響心情還拖慢了做題速度,要知道雅思閱讀一個(gè)小時(shí)的考試時(shí)間還是比較緊迫的,浪費(fèi)不得。所以,烤鴨們心態(tài)一定要積極,詞不認(rèn)識(shí)不要緊,我們可以“猜”,哦不,是推斷單詞含義。當(dāng)然,“猜”也是有原則的,不能盲目。下面給大家聊聊一些猜詞技巧。
雅思閱讀考試中,烤鴨們往往對(duì)那陌生的單詞,看不懂的文章望而卻步,內(nèi)心的擔(dān)憂不僅影響心情還拖慢了做題速度,要知道雅思閱讀一個(gè)小時(shí)的考試時(shí)間還是比較緊迫的,浪費(fèi)不得。所以,烤鴨們心態(tài)一定要積極,詞不認(rèn)識(shí)不要緊,我們可以“猜”,哦不,是推斷單詞含義。當(dāng)然,“猜”也是有原則的,不能盲目。下面給大家聊聊一些猜詞技巧。
一、詞根詞綴猜詞
相信大家都有聽過(guò)詞根詞綴的概念,詞根詞綴猜詞法也是流傳已久,但沒有沒落,今天依舊深受吹捧,說(shuō)明它還是經(jīng)得起推敲,值得借鑒的。當(dāng)然,使用這個(gè)猜詞法之前要求烤鴨們考前先儲(chǔ)備一定量的詞根詞綴,這樣考試的時(shí)候才能順手拈來(lái)。下面我們來(lái)看C6T2P2的真題例子(配對(duì)題第24題):
Questions?23-26
Complete?each?sentence?with?the?correct?ending,?A—H,?below.
Write?the?correct?letter,?A—H,?in?boxes?23-26?on?your?answer?sheet.
23?Home?medical?aids
24?Regular?amounts?of?exercise
25?Feelings?of?control?over?life
26?Feelings?of?loneliness
A?may?cause?heart?disease.
B?can?be?helped?by?hormone?treatment.
C?may?cause?rises?in?levels?of?stress?hormones.
D?have?cost?the?United?States?government?more?than?$200?billion.
E?may?help?prevent?mental?decline.
F?may?get?stronger?at?night.
G?allow?old?people?to?be?more?independent.
H?can?reduce?stress?in?difficult?situations.
24題根據(jù)題干Regular?amounts?of?exercise?找到文中的同義表達(dá)daily?physical?activity,定位到文章第九段:
Maintaining?a?level?of?daily?physical?activity?may?help?mental?functioning,?says?Carl?Cotman,?a?neuroscientist?at?the?University?of?California?at?Irvine.?He?found?that?rats?that?exercise?on?a?treadmill?have?raised?levels?of?brain-derived?neurotrophic?factor?coursing?through?their?brains.?Cotman?believes?this?hormone,?which?keeps?neurons?functioning,?may?prevent?the?brains?of?active?humans?from?deteriorating.
在精讀答案區(qū)的時(shí)候,最后一個(gè)詞deteriorating發(fā)現(xiàn)好多同學(xué)不認(rèn)識(shí),不過(guò)先別著急,回憶一下我們的前綴de-,?這不是表示否定的方向嗎?比如devalue,不就是“貶值”?所以deteriorating剛好跟E選項(xiàng)中decline方向一致,答案就是E。
二、利用同位語(yǔ)
閱讀中我們常會(huì)看到一個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的名詞后跟隨了一個(gè)逗號(hào),逗號(hào)后是一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ),這個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)就是這個(gè)名詞的同位語(yǔ)解釋。我們可以利用同位語(yǔ)去推測(cè)未知名詞的含義。我們來(lái)看下面C9T4P1的例子
題目:
Marie?and?Pierre?Curie’s?research?into?the?radioactivity?of?the?mineral?known?as?8………?led?to?the?discovery?of?two?new?elements.
通過(guò)觀察題目,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們要填的單詞處在“a?mineral?known?as?...”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)下,說(shuō)明要填的單詞是一種礦物質(zhì)的名字。再利用題目中的two?new?elements定位到文章第五段。
原文:
Turning?her?attention?to?minerals,?she?found?her?interest?drawn?to?pitchblende,?a?mineral?whose?radioactivity,?superior?to?that?of?pure?uranium,?could?be?explained?only?by?the?presence?in?the?ore?of?small?quantities?of?an?unknown?substance?of?very?high?activity.?Pierre?Curie?joined?her?in?the?work?that?she?had?undertaken?to?resolve?this?problem,?and?that?led?to?the?discovery?of?the?new?elements,?polonium?and?radium.
我們?cè)谶@里找到了題干中the?radioactivity?of?the?mineral的同義表達(dá)a?mineral?whose?radioactivity,而這恰恰是前面名詞pitchblende的同位語(yǔ),所以就算我們不認(rèn)識(shí)pitchblende這個(gè)詞,也能確定答案就是它。
三、并列關(guān)系也可助一臂之力
閱讀中常見的并列關(guān)系詞有and,?or等,并列關(guān)系前后連接的詞往往具有一定的一致性。因此,如果and或or連接的前后的詞我們有一個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí),那么可以利用另一個(gè)來(lái)猜單詞。例如:
However,?the?major?problems?of?the?travel?and?tourism?industry?that?have?hidden,?or?obscured,?its?economic?impact?are?the?diversity?and?fragmentation?of?the?industry?itself.
這句話中,很多同學(xué)可能不認(rèn)識(shí)obscure,但是一般都認(rèn)識(shí)前面的hidden,并且發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)單詞由or連接,所以可以推斷obscure的意思跟hidden是比較接近的。
最后,需要提醒大家的是,我們做閱讀題需要的是理解詞的大意,不要求非得準(zhǔn)確說(shuō)出它的具體意思,更是要切忌去尋找跟它意思一樣的中文單詞。我們只要能夠保證順利閱讀,繼續(xù)往下走就可以!